Question

1. true / false: a mineral with a hardness of 2 will never scratch a mineral with a hardness of 5.20) true / false: the only mineral that can scratch a diamond is another diamond.21-24) hardnessfingernail penny nail glass plate steel file streak plate3.5 6.521-24)... fill the missing box with the hardness of the item:use the hardness information for the imaginary minerals below to answer questions 24-35mineral h - hardness of 1mineral q - hardness of 3mineral w - hardness of 7mineral p - hardness of 2mineral k - hardness of 4mineral b - hardness of 8mineral z - hardness of 2.5mineral t - hardness of 5mineral r - hardness of 925) true / false: mineral k will scratch mineral b.26) true / false: mineral b can be scratched by mineral w.27) true / false: mineral t cannot be scratched by mineral q.28) identify all, if any, of the minerals above that would scratch a penny.circle all: all / h / p / z / q / k / t / w / b / r / none 29) identify all, if any, of the minerals above that would be scratched by a fingernail.circle all: all / h / p / z / q / k / t / w / b / r / none 30) identify all, if any, of the minerals above that would scratch quartz at a hardness of 7.circle all: all / h / p / z / q / k / t / w / b / r / none 31) identify all, if any, of the minerals above that would not be scratched by calcite at a hardness of 3.circle all: all / h / p / z / q / k / t / w / b / r / none 32) identify all, if any, of the minerals above that would be scratched by a diamond.circle all: all / h / p / z / q / k / t / w / b / r / none 33) identify all, if any, of the minerals above that would scratch mineral b.circle all: all / h / p / z / q / k / t / w / b / r / none 34) identify all, if any, of the minerals above that would be scratched by mineral k.circle all: all / h / p / z / q / k / t / w / b / r / none 35) identify all, if any, of the minerals above that would not scratch mineral p.circle all: all / h / p / z / q / k / t / w / b / r / none 36) identify all, if any, of the minerals above that would not be scratched by mineral q.circle all: all / h / p / z / q / k / t / w / b / r / none

Explanation:

Step1: Apply Mohs Hardness Rule

A mineral scratches another only if its hardness is higher.

Step2: Answer 19-20

1. Hardness 2 < 5 → cannot scratch → TRUE.
2. Diamond (hardness 10) is hardest → only diamond scratches it → TRUE.

Step3: Fill hardness table (21-24)

Standard Mohs scale values:

• Fingernail: $2.5$
• Nail: $4.5$
• Glass plate: $5.5$
• Streak plate: $7$

Step4: Solve 25-27

1. K (4) < B (8) → cannot scratch → FALSE.
2. W (7) < B (8) → cannot scratch B → FALSE.
3. Q (3) < T (5) → Q can scratch T → FALSE.

Step5: Solve 28

Penny hardness = 3.5. Minerals >3.5: Q(3), K(4), T(5), W(7), B(8), R(9) → Q, K, T, W, B, R.

Step6: Solve 29

Fingernail hardness = 2.5. Minerals <2.5: H(1), P(2), Z(2.5) → H, P, Z.

Step7: Solve 30

Quartz hardness =7. Minerals >7: B(8), R(9) → B, R.

Step8: Solve 31

Calcite hardness=3. Minerals >3 (not scratched): K(4), T(5), W(7), B(8), R(9) → K, T, W, B, R.

Step9: Solve 32

Diamond hardness=10. All minerals have <10 hardness → ALL are scratched.

Step10: Solve 33

Mineral B hardness=8. Minerals >8: B(8), R(9) → B, R.

Step11: Solve 34

Mineral K hardness=4. Minerals <4: H(1), P(2), Z(2.5), Q(3) → H, P, Z, Q.

Step12: Solve 35

Mineral P hardness=2. Minerals <2 (cannot scratch): H(1) → H.

Step13: Solve 36

Mineral Q hardness=3. Minerals >3 (not scratched): K(4), T(5), W(7), B(8), R(9) → K, T, W, B, R.

Answer:

1. TRUE
2. TRUE
3. FINGERNAIL: 2.5
4. NAIL: 4.5
5. GLASS PLATE: 5.5
6. STREAK PLATE: 7
7. FALSE
8. FALSE
9. FALSE
10. Q, K, T, W, B, R
11. H, P, Z
12. B, R
13. K, T, W, B, R
14. ALL
15. B, R
16. H, P, Z, Q
17. H
18. K, T, W, B, R