Question

1. a researcher wants to study how a new video - game affects aggression levels in teens. he finds that average aggression score for teens who played the game is 15 points higher than for those who didnt. this 15 - point difference is a measure of the magnitude of the effect. what is this called? a. effect size b. correlation coefficient c. standard deviation d. statistical significance e. mode
2. a researcher wants to investigate how children behave on a playground. she sits on a park bench and simply observes the childrens interactions without interfering in any way. this research method is a type of: a. case study b. survey c. experiment d. naturalistic observation e. longitudinal study
3. a teacher is analyzing the scores from a recent exam and wants to know the most common score achieved by students. what statistical measure would provide this information? a. mean b. median c. mode d. range e. standard deviation
4. a news report claims that people who live on a certain street are more likely to have a specific type of pet. however, the report is based on a small, non - random group of residents who happened to be home on a tuesday afternoon. this could lead to a flawed conclusion due to what? a. social desirability bias b. regression toward the mean c. sampling bias d. self - report bias e. experimenter bias
5. a researcher notices that the data from a survey on income levels is not evenly distributed; most people reported being in the lower income brackets, and only a few were in the higher brackets. this type of data distribution is called: a. abnormal curve b. skewed distribution c. skewed histogram d. scatterplot e. bimodal distribution
6. a psychologist is trying to understand the psychological, biological, and social influences on a persons behavior. this approach, which integrates different levels of analysis, is known as what? a. biological psychology b. cognitive neuroscience c. evolutionary psychology d. biopsychosocial approach e. humanistic psychology
7. a psychologist is writing a research paper about a recent study on memory. when describing her experiment, she writes \exactly how she measured memory recall, such as the number of words recalled from a list of 20.\ this precise description of a variable is a(n): a. hypothesis b. operational definition c. debriefing d. falsifiability e. independent variable
8. a team of scientists finds a weak positive relationship between the amount of coffee a person drinks and their stress levels. the numerical value that represents the strength and direction of this relationship is a(n): a. correlation coefficient b. effect size c. standard deviation d. regression toward the mean e. statistical significance
9. a scientist proposes a new theory about the origins of consciousness. for this theory to be considered scientifically valid, it must be possible to design an experiment that could, in principle, prove it wrong. this principle is called: a. falsifiability b. critical thinking c. validity d. replication e. reliability
10. a researcher wants to conduct a survey on the attitudes of all college students in the united states toward climate change. the entire group of college students in the u.s. that the researcher is interested in is called the: a. random sample b. population c. experimental group d. control group e. representative sample

Explanation:

1. Effect size measures the magnitude of the difference between groups, which is what the 15 - point difference represents.
2. Naturalistic observation involves observing behavior in its natural setting without interference, like the researcher observing children on a playground.
3. The mode is the most frequently occurring score, so it would give the most common exam score.
4. Sampling bias occurs when the sample is not representative of the population, as in the news report's non - random sample of residents.
5. A skewed distribution has a long tail, which describes data where most values are in one range and few in another, like the income data.
6. The biopsychosocial approach integrates biological, psychological, and social factors to understand behavior.
7. An operational definition precisely describes how a variable is measured, like how the psychologist measured memory recall.
8. The correlation coefficient represents the strength and direction of a relationship between variables.
9. Falsifiability is the principle that a theory must be able to be proven wrong in principle.
10. The entire group of college students in the U.S. that the researcher is interested in is called the population.

Answer:

1. A. Effect size
2. D. Naturalistic observation
3. C. Mode
4. C. Sampling bias
5. B. Skewed distribution
6. D. Biopsychosocial approach
7. B. Operational definition
8. B. Correlation coefficient
9. A. Falsifiability
10. B. Population