Question

1. which of the following ensures that only high - quality research findings are published?

○ reducing bias
○ placebo effect
○ scientific journal
○ peer review

1. which of the following compares individuals who have a condition with similar individuals who do not have the condition?

○ case control studies
○ clinical trials
○ scientific studies
○ epidemiological studies

Explanation:

Question 20

• Reducing bias: Minimizes unfairness but doesn't directly ensure high - quality publication.
• Placebo effect: Related to the response to a dummy treatment, not publication quality.
• Scientific journal: Is a platform for publication, not the mechanism to ensure quality.
• Peer review: Involves experts evaluating research for validity, methodology, etc., to ensure only high - quality work is published.

• Case control studies: Specifically compare individuals with a condition (cases) to those without (controls).
• Clinical trials: Test interventions (like drugs) on participants, not just compare those with and without a condition.
• Scientific studies: A broad term, not specific to this type of comparison.
• Epidemiological studies: A broader field; case - control is a type of epidemiological study, but case - control studies are more specific to this comparison.

Answer:

D. Peer review

Question 21