Question

1. a student is evaluating a news article about a new scientific study. the student questions the source of the information, considers the potential biases of the researchers, and looks for alternative explanations for the findings. this process is an example of what? a. critical thinking b. debriefing analysis c. hindsight bias d. peer - review e. using the scientific method
2. a researcher creates a graph to show the frequency of different scores on a recent test. the graph uses bars to represent the number of students who scored within specific score ranges. this type of graph is a(n): a. scatterplot b. normal curve c. skewed distribution d. histogram e. line graph
3. a psychologist conducts a series of interviews and analyzes the transcripts to understand the lived experiences of individuals who have overcome significant challenges. this type of research, which focuses on non - numerical data and personal experiences, is known as: a. qualitative research b. quantitative research c. inferential statistics d. descriptive statistics e. correlational research
4. a researcher notices a participant in their study performing an action that they believe is linked to a certain disorder. they fail to consider that the participant might simply be having a bad day and instead interpret the behavior as confirmation of their hypothesis. this is an example of what? a. dunning - kruger effect b. experimenter bias c. self - report bias d. confirmation bias e. overconfidence bias
5. a researcher is studying the relationship between screen time and academic performance. they find a strong positive correlation in their data. they then plot the data points on a graph to visually represent the relationship between the two variables. what kind of graph are they creating? a. histogram b. scatterplot c. normal curve d. skewed distribution e. bar graph
6. a doctor prescribes a patient a sugar pill for a minor ailment. the patients condition improves, not because of any medicinal properties in the pill, but because they believe the pill will help them. this is an example of what? a. the power of the subconscious b. placebo effect c. debriefing d. dunning - kruger effect e. confounding variable
7. after participating in a study on social conformity, a researcher tells the participants the true purpose of the experiment, which involved a small amount of deception. the researcher also explains why the deception was necessary and addresses any questions the participants have. this process is called: a. informed consent b. critical thinking c. debriefing d. peer review e. ethical review
8. a psychologist wants to duplicate a famous experiment on memory to see if the findings are still valid and can be reproduced with a new group of participants. this process is known as a(n): a. meta - analysis b. replication c. experiment re - creation d. duplication e. case study
9. a researcher is conducting a survey on peoples opinions about a new law. he finds that the majority of people seem to agree with the law, but he wonders if his results are accurate. he notices that many of the survey questions were phrased in a way that might encourage a positive response. this could be due to what kind of bias? a. self - report bias b. sampling bias c. wording effect d. experimenter bias e. confirmation bias
10. a researcher is combining the results of five different studies on the effectiveness of a particular therapy to see if there is an overall trend. this technique, which involves a statistical synthesis of previous research, is called: a. inferential statistics b. meta - analysis c. descriptive statistics d. qualitative research e. replication trending

Explanation:

1. Brief Explanations: The student is evaluating sources, considering biases, and looking for alternative explanations, which is critical thinking.

Answer:

**: C. Critical thinking

1. Brief Explanations: A histogram is used to show the frequency of data within specified ranges.