Question

40 tom prepared a turkey at room temperature and heated the oven to 160 °c. he placed the turkey in the oven to cook. after the turkey was cooked for two hours, he inserted a thermometer into the turkey to check the temperature as shown.
(a) state the temperature shown on the thermometer. 1
(b) state why the temperature of the turkey is not 160 °c even after two hours in the oven. 1

Explanation:

Part (a)

Step1: Analyze the thermometer scale

The thermometer scale is in °C. The pointer is between 70 and 80? Wait, no, looking at the scale: 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100. Wait, the pointer is at 70? Wait, no, the scale: let's see, the marks. Wait, the thermometer shows a scale where between 60 - 70, 70 - 80, etc. Wait, the pointer is at 70? Wait, no, the diagram: the thermometer's dial has 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100. The pointer is at 70? Wait, no, maybe I misread. Wait, the scale: 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100. The pointer is at 70? Wait, no, the marks: each major mark? Wait, the thermometer shows 70 °C? Wait, no, let's check again. The dial: 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100. The pointer is at 70? Wait, maybe 70 °C. Wait, the problem's diagram: the thermometer's dial has 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100. The pointer is at 70. So the temperature is 70 °C.

Heat transfer takes time, and the turkey (a solid/object) doesn't instantly reach the oven's temperature. Heat is transferred from the oven to the turkey via conduction/convection, and the turkey's temperature rises gradually until thermal equilibrium (but since it's cooking, maybe it's also due to the turkey having mass/thermal capacity, so it takes time to absorb enough heat to reach 160 °C, or maybe it's not in thermal equilibrium yet because heat transfer is a process that requires time, and the turkey's temperature is still increasing or hasn't had enough time to reach the oven's temperature. Another reason: the oven is at 160 °C, but the turkey, being a food item with its own thermal properties (like specific heat capacity, mass), needs time to absorb heat to increase its temperature. So the temperature of the turkey is not 160 °C yet because heat transfer (from oven to turkey) is a gradual process, and the turkey has not had enough time (or has not reached thermal equilibrium) to reach the oven's temperature.

Answer:

70 °C

Part (b)