Question

the allocation of money to specific projects in states or congressional districts is
a) logrolling
b) pork barrel spending through earmarks.
c) oversight.
d) budgeting.

__________ is drawing district boundaries into strange shapes to benefit a particular party.
a) apportionment
b) malapportionment
c) gerrymandering
d) partisan gerrymandering

Explanation:

1. For the first question: Logrolling is vote-trading, oversight is monitoring agency actions, and general budgeting is broad financial planning. Pork barrel spending via earmarks specifically refers to allocating funds to local/ district-specific projects.
2. For the second question: Apportionment is allocating legislative seats, malapportionment is unequal district population, and gerrymandering is the general term for shaping districts for advantage. Partisan gerrymandering specifically targets benefiting a political party, which matches the description.

Answer:

1. B) pork barrel spending through earmarks.
2. D) Partisan gerrymandering