Question

answer the following questions in prepar

1. describe the three estates in pre

revolutionary france.

1. why were members of the third

estate dissatisfied with the estate
system in pre revolutionary
france? explain your answer.

1. describe the population distribution

among the three estates of france.

1. what were the advantages of

being a member of the first or
second estate?

1. what is the declaration of the

rights of man and of the citizen?

1. what/who influenced the ideas in

the declaration of the rights of
man and of the citizen? how?

1. describe the political system in

france before the revolution.

1. what was the reign of terror?
2. compare the actions of maximillian

robespierre in pre revolutionary
france to his actions during the
reign of terror.

1. describe the palace of versailles.

Explanation:

1. The three - estates in pre - revolutionary France were: The First Estate was the clergy, who were religious leaders and owned significant land. They were exempt from many taxes. The Second Estate was the nobility, enjoying privileges like tax exemptions and high social status. The Third Estate was the commoners, including peasants, artisans, and the bourgeoisie, who made up the vast majority of the population and carried the tax burden.
2. Members of the Third Estate were dissatisfied because they paid most of the taxes while having little political power. They had to support the First and Second Estates who were largely tax - exempt.
3. The Third Estate made up about 98% of the population. The First Estate (clergy) and Second Estate (nobility) together made up about 2% of the population.
4. Advantages of being in the First or Second Estate included tax exemptions, high social status, and access to important political and religious positions.
5. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was a fundamental document of the French Revolution, which declared the rights of all men to be free, equal, and to have certain natural rights like liberty, property, and security.
6. The ideas in the Declaration were influenced by Enlightenment thinkers such as Jean - Jacques Rousseau, John Locke, and Voltaire. Their ideas about natural rights, social contract, and the sovereignty of the people inspired the principles in the Declaration.
7. Before the revolution, France had an absolute monarchy. The king had supreme power, and the Estates - General, a legislative body, had limited power and was rarely called.
8. The Reign of Terror was a period during the French Revolution (1793 - 1794) when the Committee of Public Safety, led by Maximilien Robespierre, used extreme measures to defend the revolution. Thousands were executed as enemies of the revolution.
9. In pre - revolutionary France, Robespierre was a lawyer and a political figure advocating for the rights of the Third Estate. During the Reign of Terror, he became a more radical figure, leading the Committee of Public Safety and implementing extreme measures to maintain the revolution, which led to a large number of executions.
10. The Palace of Versailles was a grand royal palace built by Louis XIV. It was a symbol of the absolute power of the French monarchy, with elaborate architecture, beautiful gardens, and was the center of political and social life for the French court.

Answer:

1. The First Estate was the clergy with land and tax - exemptions, the Second Estate was the nobility with privileges, and the Third Estate was the commoners bearing the tax burden.
2. They paid most taxes and had little political power.
3. The Third Estate was about 98% of the population, while the First and Second Estates together were about 2%.
4. Tax exemptions, high social status, and access to important positions.
5. A fundamental French Revolution document declaring men's natural rights.
6. Enlightenment thinkers like Rousseau, Locke, and Voltaire inspired its ideas about natural rights and sovereignty.
7. An absolute monarchy with a rarely - called Estates - General.
8. A period (1793 - 1794) with extreme measures and many executions to defend the revolution.
9. In pre - revolution, he advocated for the Third Estate; during the Reign of Terror, he led extreme measures.
10. A grand royal palace, symbol of monarchy power, with elaborate architecture and gardens.