Question

below are animal cells placed in beakers of various concentrations.

1. draw an arrow to show which way the water would move by osmosis
2. identify the type of solution (hypertonic/hypotonic/isotonic)

top left beaker
85% h₂o 15% solute
the solution is: hypertonic / hypotonic / isotonic
water will: not move / move into the cell / move out of the cell

top right beaker
90% h₂o 10% solute
the solution is: hypertonic / hypotonic / isotonic
water will: not move / move into the cell / move out of the cell

bottom left beaker
80% h₂o 20% solute
the solution is: hypertonic / hypotonic / isotonic
water will: not move / move into the cell / move out of the cell

bottom right beaker
75% h₂o 25% solute
the solution is: hypertonic / hypotonic / isotonic
water will: not move / move into the cell / move out of the cell

Explanation:

Top - Left Beaker:

Step1: Compare water concentrations

Cell: \( 85\% \, \text{H}_2\text{O} \), Solution: \( 85\% \, \text{H}_2\text{O} \) (so solute is \( 15\% \), same as cell's solute? Wait, cell's solute? Wait, cell's water is \( 85\% \), solution's water is \( 85\% \), so solute in cell: \( 100 - 85 = 15\% \), solution solute: \( 15\% \). So isotonic.

Step2: Determine water movement

In isotonic, water moves equally in and out, so "not move" (net movement zero).

Step1: Compare water concentrations

Cell: \( 85\% \, \text{H}_2\text{O} \) (assuming cell is same as top - left? Wait, cell's solute? Wait, cell's water: let's assume cell has \( 85\% \) water (from top - left). Solution: \( 90\% \, \text{H}_2\text{O} \), so solute in solution: \( 10\% \), cell solute: \( 15\% \). So solution has more water (less solute) → hypotonic.

Step2: Determine water movement

Water moves from high water (solution) to low water (cell) → into the cell.

Step1: Compare water concentrations

Cell: \( 85\% \, \text{H}_2\text{O} \) (assumed), Solution: \( 80\% \, \text{H}_2\text{O} \), solute in solution: \( 20\% \), cell solute: \( 15\% \). Solution has less water (more solute) → hypertonic.

Step2: Determine water movement

Water moves from cell (higher water) to solution (lower water) → out of the cell.

Answer:

Solution: isotonic; Water: not move

Top - Right Beaker: