Question

2.3 carbon compounds

1. carbon can bond with other carbon - atoms, giving it the ability to form long chains, branched
2. what type of carbon compound is in the shape of a ring? cyclic compounds
3. small units in a macromolecule are called
4. these join together to form
5. carbohydrates are used to store and release, and for structural support.
6. a simple sugar is also known as a
7. animals store excess sugar in a polysaccharide called
8. (case study, page 54) what four elements make up 96% of living things?
9. how is phosphorus used in the body?

how is iron used in the body?

1. how do plants store sugar?
2. what polysaccharide is used for plant rigidity and found in paper?
3. lipids include compounds we call:
4. lipids are important parts of biological membranes and coverings.
5. name a food that contains unsaturated fatty acids:
6. atp is important for capturing and transferring
7. what are the two kinds of nucleic acids?
8. nucleic acids store and transmit information
9. proteins contain as well as carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
10. amino acids have an amino group on one end, and a group on the other.
11. amino acids are linked together by bonds.
12. proteins on the surface of cells act as to certain compounds.
13. what happens if thyroxine levels are too low?
14. amino acids differ from each other in a side chain called the
15. which protein structure is a three - dimensional arrangement of polypeptide chains?
16. (fig 2 - 20) how many subunits are in hemoglobin? what gives it a red color?

2.4 chemical reactions and enzymes

1. elements or compounds that engage in a chemical reaction are called:
2. compounds produced in the reaction are called
3. when hydrogen reacts with oxygen, it produces
4. every organism must have a source of to carry out chemical reactions.
5. the energy needed to get a reaction started is the energy.
6. a is a substance that speeds up a reaction.
7. are biological catalysts.
8. what enzyme helps the body remove carbon dioxide?
9. the reactants of an enzyme - catalyzed reaction are called
10. these bond to the on the enzyme.
11. what can disrupt the active site of enzymes?
12. enzymes in the body work best at what temperature?

Explanation:

These are fill - in - the - blank questions related to carbon compounds, biological macromolecules, elements in living things, and chemical reactions and enzymes in biology. The answers are based on fundamental biological and chemical knowledge about the structure, function, and reactions of biological substances.

Answer:

1. monomers
2. macromolecules
3. energy
4. monosaccharide
5. glycogen
6. carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
7. Phosphorus is used in the body for building bones and teeth, and is part of important molecules like ATP and DNA. Iron is used to make hemoglobin in red blood cells which carries oxygen.
8. Plants store sugar as starch.
9. Cellulose
10. fats, oils, waxes
11. waterproof
12. Olive oil (or other appropriate foods like avocados, nuts)
13. energy
14. DNA and RNA
15. genetic
16. nitrogen
17. carboxyl
18. peptide
19. receptors
20. A person may experience fatigue, weight gain, and a slow metabolism.
21. R - group
22. Tertiary structure
23. 4 subunits; Heme group gives it a red color.

2.4 Chemical Reactions and Enzymes

1. reactants
2. products
3. water
4. energy
5. activation
6. catalyst
7. Enzymes
8. Carbonic anhydrase
9. substrates
10. active site
11. Temperature changes, pH changes, and the presence of inhibitors.
12. 37°C (body temperature)