Question

1. cell walls (2.5) how do cell walls influence structure and cell permeability? what are cell walls made of and which types of organisms have walls? 10. passive and active transport (2.6, 2.9) make a chart comparing passive and active

Explanation:

Cell walls provide structural support and can limit permeability. They are made of different materials like cellulose in plants, peptidoglycan in bacteria. Plants, fungi, bacteria, and some protists have cell walls. For the comparison chart, passive transport (diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion) moves substances along a concentration gradient without energy. Active transport (e.g., sodium - potassium pump) moves substances against a concentration gradient using energy (ATP).

Answer:

Cell walls influence structure by providing support and can affect permeability by acting as a barrier. They are made of materials such as cellulose (plants), peptidoglycan (bacteria), etc. Organisms with cell walls include plants, fungi, bacteria, and some protists. For the passive - active transport comparison:

Transport Type	Direction of Movement	Energy Requirement	Examples
Active Transport	Against concentration gradient (low to high)	Yes (ATP)	Sodium - Potassium Pump