Question

chapters 10 and 11 nervous syst
nerve fibers of the somatic nervous system serve the ____, and nerve fibers of the autonomic nervous system serve the ____
multiple choice
skin and skeletal muscles, viscera
smooth and skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle
viscera, smooth muscle
heart and intestines, skeletal and smooth muscles

Explanation:

1. Recall the functions of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems:

• Somatic nervous system: Responsible for voluntary movements (innervates skeletal muscles) and sensory input from the skin (and other somatic structures).
• Autonomic nervous system: Responsible for involuntary functions, innervating smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and viscera (internal organs).

1. Analyze the options:

• The first option's first part ("skin and skeletal muscles") matches the somatic nervous system's targets, and the second part ("viscera") is part of the autonomic nervous system's targets (along with smooth and cardiac muscles, but among the given options, this is the closest match). Other options have incorrect pairings (e.g., skeletal muscle in autonomic - related parts, viscera in somatic - related parts in other options).

Answer:

The first blank (for somatic nervous system) should be associated with "skin and skeletal muscles, viscera" is incorrect. The correct answer for the first blank (somatic nervous system) is that its nerve fibers serve the skin and skeletal muscles (more accurately, the somatic nervous system innervates skeletal muscles and skin - related sensory/motor functions, while the autonomic serves smooth, cardiac muscles and viscera). But among the options, the correct option for the somatic part (first blank) is the option with "skin and skeletal muscles, viscera" is not accurate, but re - evaluating:

Somatic nervous system: controls voluntary movements (skeletal muscles) and sensory from skin, etc. Autonomic: controls involuntary (smooth, cardiac muscles, viscera).

Looking at the options:

Option 1: skin and skeletal muscles, viscera (somatic: skin, skeletal; autonomic: viscera? No, autonomic is smooth, cardiac, viscera. So maybe the first blank (somatic) is "skin and skeletal muscles" (but the option has "viscera" which is wrong). Wait, maybe the options are:

Wait the question is "Nerve fibers of the somatic nervous system serve the ____, and nerve fibers of the autonomic nervous system serve the ____".

Somatic nervous system innervates skeletal muscles and skin (sensory and motor for voluntary actions). Autonomic innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and viscera (involuntary).

Looking at the options:

First option: skin and skeletal muscles, viscera

Second: smooth and skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle

Third: viscera, smooth muscle

Fourth: heart and intestines, skeletal and smooth muscles

Wait, the correct pairing is:

Somatic: skin and skeletal muscles (since somatic controls skeletal muscles and skin - related sensation/movement)

Autonomic: smooth and cardiac muscles, viscera (or smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, viscera)

But among the options, the first option's first part is "skin and skeletal muscles, viscera" – no, the second part (autonomic) should be smooth, cardiac, viscera. Wait maybe the options are mis - written. But the most appropriate option for the first blank (somatic) is the one with "skin and skeletal muscles" (the first option's first part), and the second blank (autonomic) would be the part about smooth, cardiac, viscera. But based on the options, the correct answer for the first blank (somatic) is the option "skin and skeletal muscles, viscera" (even though viscera is autonomic, maybe the option is structured as (somatic target, autonomic target)). Wait, the question is two blanks: "serve the ____, and... serve the ____". So first blank: somatic target, second: autonomic target.

Somatic target: skeletal muscles, skin (sensory/motor)

Autonomic target: smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, viscera

So among the options, the first option is "skin and skeletal muscles, viscera" – no, viscera is autonomic, but the second part of the option would be autonomic? Wait no, the first blank is somatic, second is autonomic. So the first part of the option is somatic target, second part is autonomic target.

So somatic target: skin and skeletal muscles (correct, as somatic controls skeletal muscles and skin - related functions)

Autonomic target: viscera? No, autonomic also controls smooth and cardiac muscles. Wait the second option: "smooth and skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle" – no, skeletal is somatic. Third option: "viscera, smooth muscle" – no, somatic doesn't serve viscera. Fourth option: "heart and intestines, skeletal and smooth muscles" – heart is cardiac (autonomic), intestines are smooth (autonomic), skeletal is somatic. So wrong.

Wait maybe the correct option is the first one: "skin and skeletal muscles, viscera" – even though viscera is part of autonomic, maybe the option is simplified. So the answer is the first option (the one with "skin and skeletal muscles, viscera").