Question

a chemical has been found to harm the same components in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. which components are those?
○ dna, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes
○ dna, cell membrane, ribosomes, and membrane-bound organelles
○ dna, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and nucleus
○ dna, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and membrane-bound organelles

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze the components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells:

1. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane - bound organelles (like nucleus, mitochondria, etc.) and a nucleus (as they have a nucleoid). Eukaryotic cells have membrane - bound organelles and a nucleus.
2. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have DNA (genetic material), a cell membrane (to enclose the cell), cytoplasm (the fluid - like substance inside the cell), and ribosomes (for protein synthesis).

• Option 1: DNA, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes. This option includes components present in both cell types.
• Option 2: Membrane - bound organelles are not present in prokaryotic cells, so this is incorrect.
• Option 3: A nucleus is not present in prokaryotic cells, so this is incorrect.
• Option 4: Membrane - bound organelles are not present in prokaryotic cells, so this is incorrect.

Answer:

A. DNA, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes