Question

1. compact bone - define or describe each:

a. compact bone function
b. osteon
c. lamellae
d. lacunae
e. haversian canal
f. canaliculi
g. osteocyte

1. spongy bone - define or describe each:

a. spongy bone function
b. trabeculae
c. space

Explanation:

a. Compact bone provides structural support, protection for internal organs, and serves as a site for muscle attachment. It also stores minerals like calcium and phosphorus.
b. Osteon is the basic structural unit of compact bone. It consists of concentric layers of bone matrix (lamellae) surrounding a central Haversian canal, with osteocytes in lacunae between the lamellae and connected by canaliculi.
c. Lamellae are the thin, concentric layers of bone matrix that make up the osteon. They contain collagen fibers and mineral salts, providing strength and rigidity to the bone.
d. Lacunae are small cavities within the bone matrix that house osteocytes. These spaces allow osteocytes to be in a protected environment while still being able to communicate with neighboring cells.
e. Haversian Canal is a central canal in the osteon that contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue. It supplies nutrients and oxygen to the osteocytes and removes waste products.
f. Canaliculi are tiny channels that connect lacunae to each other and to the Haversian canal. They allow for the exchange of nutrients, waste, and chemical signals between osteocytes.
g. Osteocyte is a mature bone - cell that is embedded within the bone matrix. It is responsible for maintaining bone tissue by regulating the turnover of bone matrix components.

For spongy bone:
a. Spongy bone provides structural support while being lighter than compact bone. It also contains red bone marrow, which is involved in hematopoiesis (production of blood cells).
b. Trabeculae are the small, rod - like or plate - like structures that make up spongy bone. They are arranged along lines of stress to provide strength with minimal weight.
c. The spaces in spongy bone are filled with bone marrow and blood vessels. These spaces contribute to the bone's lightness and also provide a site for hematopoiesis.

Answer:

a. Compact bone function: Provides structural support, protection, muscle - attachment site, and mineral storage.
b. Osteon: Basic structural unit of compact bone with concentric lamellae around a Haversian canal.
c. Lamellae: Thin, concentric layers of bone matrix in osteon.
d. Lacunae: Small cavities housing osteocytes in bone matrix.
e. Haversian Canal: Central canal in osteon with blood vessels and nerves.
f. Canaliculi: Tiny channels connecting lacunae and Haversian canal.
g. Osteocyte: Mature bone - cell embedded in bone matrix.
a. Spongy Bone function: Structural support and site of hematopoiesis.
b. Trabeculae: Small rod - like or plate - like structures in spongy bone.
c. Space: Filled with bone marrow and blood vessels, contributes to lightness and hematopoiesis.