Question

day 3 – mutations & proteins

1. what is a mutation?

a. a protein
b. a change in dna
c. a checkpoint
d. a cell

1. when can mutations happen?

a. only during mitosis
b. only in cancer cells
c. when dna is copied or damaged
d. only in adults

1. are all mutations harmful?

a. yes
b. only in animals
c. no, some have no effect
d. only in cancer

1. how can a mutation affect a protein?

a. it always destroys it
b. it never changes it
c. it can change its shape or function
d. it makes more dna

1. why might a protein change be dangerous?

a. it speeds division
b. it may stop the protein from working
c. it fixes dna
d. it removes mutations
day 3 – matching
match each term with the correct description.
18.
____ mutation
____ protein
____ gene
a. change in dna
b. controls cell behavior
c. instructions

Explanation:

1. A mutation is defined as a change in the DNA sequence.
2. Mutations occur when DNA is replicated (copied) or damaged, as errors can arise during replication or from damage that is not repaired correctly.
3. Not all mutations are harmful; some are neutral (have no effect) or even beneficial.
4. Mutations can alter the shape or function of a protein by changing the DNA code that dictates the protein's structure.
5. A protein change can be dangerous if it stops the protein from performing its essential cellular function.

18.

• Mutation: A change in the DNA sequence.
• Protein: Proteins carry out cellular processes and control cell behavior.
• Gene: A gene contains the instructions (DNA sequence) for making a protein.

Answer:

1. B. A change in DNA
2. C. When DNA is copied or damaged
3. C. No, some have no effect
4. C. It can change its shape or function
5. B. It may stop the protein from working

18.

• Mutation: A. Change in DNA
• Protein: B. Controls cell behavior
• Gene: C. Instructions