Question

describing kinetic and potential energy
which statements describe kinetic and potential energy? check all that apply.
□ energy can be stored in the position of an object.
□ energy is not present in a moving object.
□ energy can be stored in the position of the particles that make up a substance.
□ energy exists as movement of the particles of a substance.
□ energy is greater in faster-moving particles than in slower-moving particles.
□ energy is lower in objects with greater mass than in objects with less mass.

Explanation:

1. "Energy can be stored in the position of an object." - Potential energy (like gravitational potential energy) depends on an object's position, so this is correct.
2. "Energy is not present in a moving object." - Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, so a moving object has kinetic energy. This is incorrect.
3. "Energy can be stored in the position of the particles that make up a substance." - For example, in chemical potential energy, the position/arrangement of particles stores energy. This is correct.
4. "Energy exists as movement of the particles of a substance." - The movement of particles (like in thermal energy, a form of kinetic energy) means this is correct (kinetic energy of particles).
5. "Energy is greater in faster - moving particles than in slower - moving particles." - Kinetic energy of a particle is related to its speed ($KE=\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}$), so faster - moving particles have more kinetic energy. This is correct.
6. "Energy is lower in objects with greater mass than in objects with less mass." - For both kinetic ($KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^{2}$) and potential (e.g., $PE=mgh$ for gravitational potential energy) energy, greater mass generally means more energy (assuming same speed or height). So this is incorrect.

Answer:

• Energy can be stored in the position of an object.
• Energy can be stored in the position of the particles that make up a substance.
• Energy exists as movement of the particles of a substance.
• Energy is greater in faster - moving particles than in slower - moving particles.