Question

drag the missing word into place
considered by many historians to be the birthplace of civilization,
was a large swath of land in the middle and near east fed by
the waters of the tigris and euphrates rivers.

the fertile
crescent

the city - state

the ziggurat

Explanation:

The description matches the definition of the Fertile Crescent: a region in the Middle/Near East watered by the Tigris and Euphrates, widely regarded as the birthplace of early civilization. The other options are incorrect: a ziggurat is a Mesopotamian temple structure, and a city-state is a political entity, not a large swath of land.

Answer:

the Fertile Crescent