Question

1. enzymes unwind or denature when placed in extreme ph or temperature conditions. identify if the following external factors will increase, decrease or not change the rate of chemical reaction. a. raising the temperature slightly. b. adding more substrate. c. changing the ph away from the optimal ph. d. boiling temperatures. e. adding an inhibitor. 2. what happens to enzyme structure and function when it becomes denatured?

Explanation:

1. Enzymes are proteins and their activity is affected by external factors. Slightly raising temperature can increase the rate of chemical reaction as it provides more kinetic energy to the reactants. Adding more substrate can increase the reaction rate until the enzyme - substrate complex reaches saturation. Changing the pH away from the optimal pH can decrease the reaction rate as it can disrupt the enzyme's structure. Boiling temperatures denature enzymes, stopping the reaction. Adding an inhibitor decreases the reaction rate by binding to the enzyme.
2. Enzymes unwind or denature when placed in extreme pH or temperature conditions because these factors can disrupt the hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds and other interactions that maintain the enzyme's three - dimensional structure.

Answer:

1.
a. Raising the temperature slightly: Increase
b. Adding more substrate: Increase (up to saturation)
c. Changing the pH away from the optimal pH: Decrease
d. Boiling temperatures: Decrease (denaturation)
e. Adding an inhibitor: Decrease

1. Enzymes unwind or denature when placed in extreme pH or temperature conditions.