Question

exam 01 - (fall 2025)

1. which is most important in transferring memory from sensory to short - term?

a. chunking
b. interference
c. decay
d. attention

1. the first 24 hours after new information is encountered is most critical for which process?

a. chunking
b. encoding
c. consolidation
d. decay

1. george miller studied memory extensively and determined that the capacity of which stage of memory was about 7 + - 2 bits?

a. sensory
b. long - term
c. short - term
d. explicit

1. which term refers to the fact that for most people, its easier to remember the beginning or end of a list than it is to remember the items in the middle?

a. recency effect
b. serial position effect
c. repressed memory
d. semantic encoding effect

1. in searching for the engram, lashley found all of the following except:

a. there is not a specific, physical regional location or structure that holds memories.
b. the presence of cell assemblies.
c. all parts of the brain can serve as memory stores.
d. memory impairment is proportional to the extent of the damage.

1. which of the following is not a result of the hebbian synapse?

a. repeated activation of memory stores (or, ltp) along with neuroplasticity serves to accommodate in the neural scaffolding underlying memory.
b. the discovery of the hippocampal use of neurochemical tags in memory retrieval.
c. memory is the result of distribution of associated memory stores.
d. cell assemblies are the result of neurons firing together then wiring together.

Explanation:

1. Attention is crucial for moving information from sensory to short - term memory as it filters and selects what is important.
2. The first 24 hours after encountering new information is critical for consolidation, which stabilizes the memory trace.
3. George Miller found the capacity of short - term memory to be about 7 ± 2 bits.
4. The serial position effect refers to the ease of remembering the beginning (primacy effect) and end (recency effect) of a list compared to the middle.
5. Lashley did not find the presence of cell assemblies while searching for the engram. His work focused on the lack of a specific memory location.
6. The discovery of the hippocampal use of neurochemical tags in memory retrieval is not a direct result of the Hebbian synapse concept.

Answer:

1. d. Attention
2. c. Consolidation
3. c. Short - term
4. b. Serial position effect
5. b. the presence of cell assemblies.
6. b. The discovery of the hippocampal use of neurochemical tags in memory retrieval.