Question

__________ is/are an example of mandatory spending. *
a) the military
b) education
c) entitlement programs
d) infrastructure
divided government is described as which of the following? *
a) the federal government and the states share powers.
b) members of political parties sit separated on either side of the aisle.
c) the two chambers of congress disagree about a piece of legislation.
d) control of the presidency and one or both chambers of congress are split between parties.

Explanation:

For the first question: Mandatory spending refers to government spending required by law, which includes programs where eligible individuals have a legal right to benefits. Entitlement Programs (like Social Security, Medicare) fall into this category, while military, education, and infrastructure are discretionary spending (funded through annual appropriations).
For the second question: Divided government is defined as a situation where different political parties control the executive branch (Presidency) and at least one chamber of the legislative branch (Congress), creating a split in partisan control of federal governing bodies.

Answer:

1. C) Entitlement Programs
2. D) Control of the Presidency and one or both chambers of Congress are split between parties.