Question

the first trains in manhattan
on april 20, 1871, manhattans first successful mass transit train, the ninth avenue elevated, began operation between dey street and 29th street.

in manhattan. the steam - powered locomotive,

ironically, ran on a raised platform above the street. new yorkers had long relied on horse - drawn carriages, cable cars, or walking to commute. the ninth avenue train was faster than any of these methods by a considerable amount, so it quickly gained popularity.

underground subway trains are now considered to be a staple of new york city transit. the gilbert elevated railways sixth avenue elevated train began operating in 1878, followed by the second avenue elevated train later that year.

transit lines in manhattan extended through many of the downtown, but some of the uptown neighborhoods.

1. a. no change

b. on the trip to
c. and also
d. to

1. f. no change

g. signifying the initial ride of a train used for mass transit,
h. in the 1870s.
j. delete the underlined portion and end the sentence with a period.

1. which choice most strongly reinforces the information in the rest of the sentence?

a. no change
b. known as an \elevated train\ or \el.\
c. as reported by journalists,
d. during that time,

1. given that all of the choices are true, which one best introduces the topic of the paragraph?

f. no change
g. it is now possible to travel among four out of the five boroughs in new york city via train.
h. by the end of the decade, elevated trains ran throughout manhattan.
j. upper manhattan contained mostly rural land until the late 19th century.

1. a. no change

b. downtown and
c. downtown and,
d. downtown, and

Explanation:

1. "between...and" is the correct prepositional - phrase construction for indicating a range, so "NO CHANGE" is correct.
2. The under - lined portion is redundant as the previous sentence already establishes the train as Manhattan's first successful mass transit train. Deleting it makes the sentence more concise.
3. "known as an 'elevated train' or 'el'" provides more specific information about the type of train, reinforcing the description in the rest of the sentence.
4. "By the end of the decade, elevated trains ran throughout Manhattan" best introduces the topic as it sets the context for the expansion of elevated train services in Manhattan.
5. "downtown and" is the correct way to connect the two areas "downtown" and "some of the uptown neighborhoods" without incorrect punctuation.

Answer:

1. A. NO CHANGE
2. J. DELETE the underlined portion and end the sentence with a period.
3. B. known as an "elevated train" or "el."
4. H. By the end of the decade, elevated trains ran throughout Manhattan.
5. B. downtown and