Question

fourth stage: african americans - voting rights act 1965; describe what it did; 23rd amendment? 24th amendment? fifth stage: 26th amendment? lack of enforcement: literacy test - \grandfather clause\ 2. gerrymandering: 3. civil rights act 1957, 1960, 1964: (427) selma march, martin luther king: voting rights act 1965: 4. supreme court / states decide voting rules: 5. african americans elected 1970? (chart, 428) 2000?

Explanation:

The Voting Rights Act 1965 prohibited racial discrimination in voting, eliminating barriers like literacy - tests that had been used to disenfranchise African - Americans. The 23rd Amendment gave residents of Washington, D.C. the right to vote in presidential elections. The 24th Amendment abolished poll taxes in federal elections. The 26th Amendment lowered the voting age to 18. The Civil Rights Acts of 1957, 1960, and 1964 aimed to end discrimination and protect the rights of African - Americans. Gerrymandering is the practice of manipulating electoral district boundaries for political gain. The "Grandfather Clause" was used to exempt some voters from literacy tests based on their ancestors' voting status. The Selma March led by Martin Luther King was a pivotal event in the fight for voting rights. The Supreme Court and states play roles in setting voting rules.

Answer:

• Voting Rights Act 1965: Prohibited racial discrimination in voting, removed barriers like literacy tests.
• 23rd Amendment: Gave D.C. residents right to vote in presidential elections.
• 24th Amendment: Abolished poll taxes in federal elections.
• 26th Amendment: Lowered voting age to 18.
• Gerrymandering: Manipulating electoral district boundaries for political gain.
• Civil Rights Acts 1957, 1960, 1964: Aimed to end discrimination and protect African - American rights.
• "Grandfather Clause": Exempted some voters from literacy tests based on ancestors' voting status.
• Selma March, Martin Luther King: Pivotal event in fight for voting rights.
• Supreme Court / States decide Voting rules: Have roles in setting voting regulations.
• African Americans elected 1970, 2000: Data on African - American electoral representation (information likely found in chart 428).