Question

germans in america
1 in the 1600s, many german citizens had some major problems. the german government needed to pay for a long war it had fought. so the country forced its citizens to pay a heavy tax. many people had trouble paying the tax.
2 another problem in germany was ownership of land. only the oldest son in a family could inherit land. there was no land left for anyone else. for these and other reasons, people wanted to leave germany and settle in america.
3 an englishman, william penn, was given a land grant by the king of england. penn established pennsylvania. he offered the first true religious freedom in america. he believed that different religions could exist in the same colony. he advertised his religious freedom across europe.
4 this was very attractive to many germans. by the mid 1700s, approximately 75,000 germans had settled in pennsylvania. they saw america as the answer to their problems in germany.
many germans settled in germantown, located in pennsylvania. it was established in 1683 and was one of the first european settlements in north america.

1. in paragraph 1, the word heavy means ____.

a. having great weight
b. difficult to lift or move
c. thick or dense
d. costly

1. the author organized the text by ____.

a. comparing settlers from different countries
b. telling about the land grant given to william penn
c. telling the problems of some germans and describing the solution
d. explaining the puritan religion in america

1. the main purpose of the caption is to ____.

a. show the location of pennsylvania
b. show how large pennsylvania is
c. give information about a german settlement
d. tell why germans settled in america

Explanation:

Question 1

To determine the meaning of "heavy" in "heavy tax", we analyze the context. The sentence says "Many people had trouble paying the tax", so the tax is costly or burdensome. Option A refers to weight, B to physical difficulty, C to thickness, while D means costly, matching the context of a tax people struggled to pay.

The text first presents problems Germans faced in Germany (tax, land ownership), then introduces William Penn's land grant as a solution (Germans settling in Pennsylvania). So the author organizes it by telling problems and describing the solution. Option A is incorrect (no comparison of settlers), B is incorrect (only mentions Penn's grant briefly, not the focus), C matches the structure (problems → solution).

The caption says "Many Germans settled in Germantown, located in Pennsylvania... one of the first European settlements". Its purpose is to give information about a German settlement. Option A is incorrect (caption is about a settlement, not Pennsylvania's location generally), B is incorrect (it's about a settlement, not Pennsylvania's size), D is incorrect (the main text explains why Germans settled, the caption provides details about a settlement).

Answer:

D. costly

Question 2