Question

1. give two reasons why the renaissance began in italy. 4. what was the reason behind italys wealth? 5. who was the richest banker in italy? 6. describe renaissance art. 7. what is perspective? 8. what are patrons? 9. why were patrons important? 10. in your own words, what was a humanist? 11. why did humanist sometimes clash with religion? 12. what were humanities? 13. why did it take longer for the renaissance to spread to northern europe?

Explanation:

1. The Renaissance began in Italy due to its geographical location as a trade - hub facilitating the exchange of ideas and wealth, and the existence of a wealthy merchant class that could fund art and learning.
2. The richest banker in Italy was probably the Medici family, especially Cosimo de' Medici and Lorenzo de' Medici. Their wealth came from banking, trade, and control over political and economic affairs in Florence.
3. Renaissance art was characterized by a revival of classical themes, a focus on humanism (depicting humans in a more natural and realistic way), use of perspective to create depth, and detailed and lifelike depictions.
4. Patrons were individuals or groups who financially supported artists, writers, and scholars. They were important because they provided the necessary resources for creative and intellectual work to be produced, and often influenced the subject - matter and style of the works.
5. A perspective is a technique used in art to create an illusion of three - dimensional space on a two - dimensional surface. It involves the use of vanishing points and horizon lines to make objects appear further away or closer.
6. Humanists were scholars and thinkers who emphasized the value and agency of human beings, the study of classical texts, and the pursuit of knowledge in areas like literature, history, and philosophy.
7. Humanists sometimes clashed with religion because their focus on human reason, individualism, and the study of classical texts (which could be seen as non - religious or even anti - religious) challenged the authority and dogma of the Catholic Church.
8. Humanities are disciplines that study human culture, including literature, philosophy, history, art, and language. They were important during the Renaissance as they contributed to a new understanding of human potential and the rediscovery of classical knowledge.
9. It took longer for the Renaissance to spread to northern Europe due to factors such as geographical distance, political instability, and the dominance of the Catholic Church's influence which was more resistant to the new ideas in some areas.

Answer:

1. Geographical location as a trade - hub and wealthy merchant class.
2. The Medici family; Banking, trade, political control.
3. Revival of classical themes, humanism, use of perspective, lifelike depictions.
4. Individuals or groups who supported artists, etc.; Provided resources and influenced works.
5. Technique to create 3 - D illusion on 2 - D surface using vanishing points and horizon lines.
6. Scholars emphasizing human value, classical study, and knowledge pursuit.
7. Focus on human reason and individualism challenged Church authority.
8. Disciplines studying human culture like literature, philosophy, etc.
9. Geographical distance, political instability, Church resistance.