Question

guppies are small freshwater fish. females of this species are typically dull in color. many males of this species are brightly colored, but some males of the species are also dull. scientists are studying the effect of predation on the color of male guppies. this graph shows the data collected from examining the males in a population of guppies over eight generations. no predators were present for generation 0, but an approximately constant number of predators was present for all other generations. the change in the composition of the guppy population over the eight generations most likely resulted from guppies that: changed their habits to avoid predators changed their color to attract more mates survived and reproduced based on their sex survived and reproduced based on their color

Explanation:

グッピーの集団構成の変化は、捕食者の存在下で、色が目立つグッピーよりも、色が鈍いグッピーの方が生存・繁殖する確率が高かったためと考えられる。色が目立つグッピーは捕食されやすく、色が鈍いグッピーは捕食されにくいため、世代が進むにつれて色が鈍いグッピーの割合が増えた。

Answer:

survived and reproduced based on their color