Question

1. a heterozygous tall, heterozygous green-flowered plant is crossed with a homozygous short, heterozygous green-flowered plant. what will be the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring? show your work as a punnett square and write your answers as a phenotypic ratio. ratio 3:1:3:1

1. in garden peas, tallness (t) is dominant to shortness (t), and axillary flowers (a) are dominant to terminal flowers (a). what are the expected genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring if a heterozygous tall, heterozygous axillary plant is

Explanation:

For Question 4:

Step1: Identify parent genotypes

Parent 1: $TtGg$; Parent 2: $ttGg$

Step2: List gamete combinations

Parent 1 gametes: $TG$, $Tg$, $tG$, $tg$
Parent 2 gametes: $tG$, $tg$

Step3: Build Punnett Square

$$\begin{array}{c|cccc} & TG & Tg & tG & tg \\ \hline tG & TtGG & TtGg & ttGG & ttGg \\ tg & TtGg & Ttgg & ttGg & ttgg \\ \end{array}$$

Step4: Classify phenotypes

• Tall, Green: $TtGG$, $TtGg$, $TtGg$, $ttGG$, $ttGg$, $ttGg$ (6/8)
• Short, Green: $ttGG$, $ttGg$ (2/8)
• Note: $Ttgg$ and $ttgg$ (white flowers) are 0/8 as parent 2 only passes green alleles

Simplify ratio to 3:1 (Tall Green : Short Green)

---

For Question 5:

Step1: Identify parent genotype

Both parents: $TtAa$

Step2: List gamete combinations

Gametes for each parent: $TA$, $Ta$, $tA$, $ta$

Step3: Build Punnett Square

$$\begin{array}{c|cccc} & TA & Ta & tA & ta \\ \hline TA & TTAA & TTAa & TtAA & TtAa \\ Ta & TTAa & TTaa & TtAa & Ttaa \\ tA & TtAA & TtAa & ttAA & ttAa \\ ta & TtAa & Ttaa & ttAa & ttaa \\ \end{array}$$

Step4: Classify phenotypes

• Tall, Axillary: $TTAA$, $TTAa$, $TtAA$, $TtAa$, $TTAa$, $TtAa$, $TtAA$, $TtAa$, $TtAa$ (9/16)
• Tall, Terminal: $TTaa$, $Ttaa$, $Ttaa$ (3/16)
• Short, Axillary: $ttAA$, $ttAa$, $ttAa$ (3/16)
• Short, Terminal: $ttaa$ (1/16)

Simplify ratio to 9:3:3:1

Answer:

Phenotypic ratio: 3 Tall, Green : 1 Short, Green
Genotypes: $TtGG$, $TtGg$, $ttGG$, $ttGg$