Question

u.s. history chapter 1 and 2 test
multiple choice (3 points each)
circle the letter of the answer that best corresponds with the question.

1. what was the goal of “americanization”?

(a) self - sufficiency
(b) adoption of american values
(c) better communication with employers
(d) less conflict with nativists

1. which is the most accurate statement about laissez - faire capitalism?

(a) tariffs on imported goods are necessary to support industry.
(b) government regulation of industry is necessary.
(c) state regulation of business is better than federal.
(d) railroads should be under one owner.

1. one way that business leaders after the civil war used laissez - faire government policies to control competition was to

(a) buy up their competitors and form monopolies.
(b) invest in many businesses simultaneously.
(c) pay better wages than their competitors.
(d) make secret deals with their competitors.

1. what situation in the united states after the civil war contributed to the rapid growth of industry?

(a) peaceful relations among the states
(b) the end of slavery
(c) the availability of raw materials and investment capital
(d) women entering the workforce

1. labor unions had a hard time winning better wages and working conditions for their members because

(a) different unions couldn’t agree on their demands.
(b) anti - immigrant sentiment worked against the unions.
(c) the government often supported businesses and sent guards or troops to end strikes.
(d) public sentiment was against the unions.

1. the sherman antitrust act and the interstate commerce act were attempts by the government to

(a) improve working conditions.
(b) outlaw child labor.
(c) limit the power of monopolies.
(d) outlaw labor unions.

1. what was the main attraction, or pull, of urban life after the civil war for freed slaves, rural white americans, and immigrants from europe?

(a) railroad jobs
(b) poverty at home
(c) upper - class lifestyles
(d) factory jobs

Explanation:

1. Americanization aimed to make immigrants adopt American values, language, and customs.
2. Laissez - faire capitalism advocates minimal government intervention in the economy.
3. Business leaders bought competitors to form monopolies under laissez - faire policies.
4. Availability of raw materials and investment capital spurred post - Civil War industrial growth.
5. The government often sided with businesses against labor unions.
6. The Sherman Antitrust Act and Interstate Commerce Act were to limit monopoly power.
7. Factory jobs were a major pull for people moving to cities after the Civil War.

Answer:

1. B. Adoption of American values
2. None of the above (Laissez - faire capitalism means minimal government regulation, none of these options fully capture it accurately, but closest in spirit is the lack of government regulation idea).
3. A. buy up their competitors and form monopolies
4. C. the availability of raw materials and investment capital
5. C. the government often supported businesses and sent guards or troops to end strikes
6. C. limit the power of monopolies
7. D. factory jobs