Question

1. how might genetic engineering help farmers create more robust crops? 2. how might gm crops affect the environment?

Explanation:

1. Genetic engineering can insert genes for traits like pest - resistance, drought - tolerance, and disease - resistance into crop plants, making them more robust. For example, Bt genes can be inserted to protect against insect pests.
2. GM crops can have both positive and negative environmental impacts. Positively, they may reduce the need for chemical pesticides if they are pest - resistant. Negatively, they could potentially cause gene flow to wild relatives, creating super - weeds, or disrupt the local ecosystem by changing the food sources for non - target organisms.

Answer:

1. By inserting genes for pest - resistance, drought - tolerance, and disease - resistance.
2. Can have positive (less pesticide use) and negative (gene flow, ecosystem disruption) impacts.