Question

how do paragraphs 9–12 help to develop the author’s ideas? a by describing the problem of a debt and its resolution, the author shows the flaws of the legal system. b by explaining the sequence of events, the author details how the printing press was constructed over time. c by comparing the different historical figures, the author examines key differences between gutenberg and his peers. d by moving between time periods, the author contrasts gutenberg’s despair with the historical success of his printing press.

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each option:

• Option A: If the paragraphs don't focus on legal system flaws via debt resolution, this is incorrect.
• Option B: If the paragraphs aren't about the printing press construction sequence, this is wrong.
• Option C: If there's no comparison of Gutenberg and peers, this is incorrect.
• Option D: If paragraphs shift time to contrast Gutenberg's despair (e.g., during struggles) with his press's historical success (later impact), this fits. Typically, in texts about Gutenberg, such time - shifting to show the contrast between his hardships and the press's legacy is common.

Answer:

D. By moving between time periods, the author contrasts Gutenberg’s despair with the historical success of his printing press.