Question

1. how were the thirteenth and fourteenth amendments enforced? federal law enforcement laws made by congress fifteenth amendment jim crow laws

Explanation:

The Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments were enforced through laws made by Congress. These laws provided the legal framework and mechanisms for ensuring the rights guaranteed by the amendments. Federal law - enforcement was a part of implementing these congressional - made laws. The Fifteenth Amendment is a separate amendment related to voting rights, and Jim Crow Laws were discriminatory laws that undermined the rights of African - Americans, not means of enforcing the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments.

Answer:

laws made by Congress