Question

individuals who believe that an unpleasant experience is unavoidable and therefore do nothing to change the course of events are exhibiting
a. self - actualization attributes
b. the fight - or - flight response
c. attributional deficits
d. cognitive dissonance
e. learned helplessness

Explanation:

• Self-actualization refers to pursuing one's full potential, not passive acceptance of negative events.
• Fight-or-flight is a stress response of confronting or escaping a threat, not inaction.
• Attributional deficits involve issues with assigning causes, not learned passive behavior.
• Cognitive dissonance is the discomfort of conflicting beliefs, not passive acceptance of unavoidable events.
• Learned helplessness is exactly the psychological state where individuals believe negative events are unavoidable and stop trying to change their situation.

Answer:

E. learned helplessness