Question

jim crow
a. vocabulary. use the words in the bank to complete these sentences.
interracial
black codes
segregation
jim crow
miscegenation
public accommodation
undermine

1. hotels, restaurants, shops, public restrooms and drinking fountains are all examples of _.
2. _ describes the mixing of different races through marriage and family, and was illegal in many states.
3. state and local governments passed laws intended to _, or weaken, the new rights blacks had gained in the south.
4. adoptions were considered _ if the parents were of a different race than the child.
5. keeping groups of people separate is called _.
6. _ was originally a theater character, but became a term that described things related to african americans.
7. after the civil war, many states passed laws, or _, that affected the rights and freedoms of the freed slaves.

b. help or hurt? read a description of each law or amendment and decide if it helped african americans or hurt them.
separate but equal: supreme court decision saying its ok to keep the races separate if things are equal
black codes: laws passed in the south to limit rights & segregate african americans
13th amendment: abolished slavery in the united states
14th amendment: all people born in us are now citizens, the government must give all people equal protection of the law, and apply the laws in the same way to all people
c. out of order! read the introduction about the case of plessy v. ferguson and put the remaining facts in the correct order.
louisiana passes the separate car act that makes railroad companies provide separate (but equal) cars for black and white passengers in 1890.
a group of black citizens joined with the east louisiana railroad company to fight the act.
(the citizens wanted rights and the rr company wanted to save money by using fewer cars.) homer plessy was chosen to break the law so it could be challenged in court.
place the rest of the story in the correct order.
_ plessy appealed the decision and lost again, but took the case to the supreme court in 1896.
_ homer plessy bought a first - class train ticket and sat down in the whites only section of the train.
_ the supreme court upheld the previous decisions and said that racial segregation was constitutional if accommodations were equal. this led to more and more legal segregation all over the u.s.
_ plessy was arrested for riding in a whites only railroad car, because he was 1/8th black.
_ plessy argued that the act violated his 13th & 14th amendment rights, but he lost in the local court.
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Explanation:

1. Hotels, restaurants, etc. are public accommodations.
2. Miscegenation describes the mixing of different races through marriage and family.
3. State and local governments passed laws to undermine the new rights blacks had gained.
4. Adoptions were considered interracial if parents were of a different race than the child.
5. Keeping groups of people separate is segregation.
6. Jim Crow was originally a theater character but became a term related to African - Americans.
7. After the Civil War, many states passed Black Codes.

For part B:

• Separate but Equal Supreme Court decision hurt African Americans as it legalized segregation.
• Black Codes hurt African Americans by limiting their rights and segregating them.
• 13th Amendment helped African Americans by abolishing slavery.
• 14th Amendment helped African Americans by giving equal protection under the law and citizenship rights.

For part C:

1. Louisiana passes the Separate Car Act that makes railroad companies provide separate (but equal) cars for black and white passengers in 1890.
2. A group of black citizens joined with the East Louisiana Railroad Company to fight the Act.
3. Homer Plessy was chosen to break the law so it could be challenged in court.
4. Homer Plessy bought a first - class train ticket and sat down in the 'whites only' section of the train.
5. Plessy was arrested for riding in a 'whites only' railroad car, because he was 1/8th black.
6. Plessy argued that the Act violated his 13th & 14th Amendment rights, but he lost in the local court.
7. Plessy appealed the decision and lost again, but took the case to the Supreme Court in 1896.
8. The Supreme Court upheld the previous decisions and said that racial segregation was constitutional if accommodations were equal. This led to more and more legal segregation all over the U.S.

Answer:

A.

1. public accommodation
2. miscegenation
3. undermine
4. interracial
5. segregation
6. Jim Crow
7. Black Codes

B.
Separate but Equal: Hurt
Black Codes: Hurt
13th Amendment: Helped
14th Amendment: Helped
C.

1. Louisiana passes the Separate Car Act that makes railroad companies provide separate (but equal) cars for black and white passengers in 1890.
2. A group of black citizens joined with the East Louisiana Railroad Company to fight the Act.
3. Homer Plessy was chosen to break the law so it could be challenged in court.
4. Homer Plessy bought a first - class train ticket and sat down in the 'whites only' section of the train.
5. Plessy was arrested for riding in a 'whites only' railroad car, because he was 1/8th black.
6. Plessy argued that the Act violated his 13th & 14th Amendment rights, but he lost in the local court.
7. Plessy appealed the decision and lost again, but took the case to the Supreme Court in 1896.
8. The Supreme Court upheld the previous decisions and said that racial segregation was constitutional if accommodations were equal. This led to more and more legal segregation all over the U.S.