Question

key terms review the key terms at the beginning of this section. use each term in a sentence that explains its meaning. target reading skill what questions did you ask to help you learn or remember something about this section? comprehension and critical thinking 1. (a) describe how did people’s lives change when they began to produce their own food? (b) identify effects what effects did food surpluses have on people and populations? 2. (a) recall what resources were necessary for villages to grow into cities? (b) compare and contrast what were the similarities and differences between villages and cities? 3. (a) name what developments occurred as societies grew into civilizations? (b) draw conclusions how did prosperity lead to the development of social classes? 28 ancient world

Explanation:

1. (a) When people began producing their own food, they transitioned from a nomadic to a settled - lifestyle, had more stable food sources, and could develop specialized skills.

(b) Food surpluses allowed for population growth, the development of non - food - producing occupations, and the growth of trade.

1. (a) Resources necessary for villages to grow into cities included a surplus of food, water sources, building materials, and a system of governance.

(b) Similarities: Both have human settlements and social structures. Differences: Cities are larger, more complex, have more diverse economies, and more formal governance.

1. (a) Developments as societies grew into civilizations included the invention of writing, the development of complex social hierarchies, and the construction of large - scale buildings.

(b) Prosperity led to the development of social classes as some people accumulated more wealth and resources than others, creating distinctions between the wealthy, middle - class, and poor.

Answer:

1. (a) People transitioned to a settled lifestyle, had stable food sources, and developed specialized skills.

(b) Allowed population growth, non - food - producing occupations, and trade.

1. (a) Surplus of food, water sources, building materials, system of governance.

(b) Similarities: Human settlements, social structures. Differences: Cities are larger, more complex, diverse economies, formal governance.

1. (a) Invention of writing, complex social hierarchies, large - scale building construction.

(b) Some people accumulated more wealth, creating class distinctions.