Question

lesson 2 review
section 1

1. what fundamental political ideal did the magna carta establish in 1215?
2. how did the english parliament evolve over time?
3. what were the two primary houses of the english parliament?
4. what significant change did the english bill of rights establish?
5. what was a charter in colonial context?
6. how were colonial governors typically selected?
7. what characterized the colonial councils composition?
8. what were the two different types of colonies?
9. what distinguished a royal colony?
10. what political ideals did english colonists primarily bring to north america?
11. what unique characteristic did the magna carta introduce to governance?
12. what historical document limited the monarchys power in 1628?

section 2

1. what was the primary motivation behind the first attempts at colonial unity?
2. why did the new england confederation ultimately fail?

Explanation:

1. The Magna Carta established the principle that the king was subject to the law, limiting royal power and protecting certain rights of the barons and freemen.
2. The English Parliament evolved from a council of nobles and clergy advising the king to a more representative body with Commons and Lords, gaining more power over taxation, legislation and governance over time.
3. The two primary houses of the English Parliament are the House of Commons (representing common - people) and the House of Lords (comprising nobility and clergy).
4. The English Bill of Rights established the supremacy of Parliament over the monarchy, guaranteed certain rights like free speech in Parliament, and restricted the power of the monarch in areas such as taxation and the maintenance of a standing army.
5. In a colonial context, a charter was a written instrument from the monarch or other authority that granted certain rights, powers, and privileges to a group of colonizers, often defining the governance and land - holding rights of a colony.
6. Colonial governors were typically selected by the king or proprietor in proprietary colonies. In some cases, they were appointed based on political connections or loyalty.
7. The colonial council's composition usually included wealthy landowners, prominent merchants, and other influential figures in the colony, often appointed by the governor or the crown.
8. The two different types of colonies were royal colonies (under direct control of the crown), and proprietary colonies (granted to an individual or group by the crown with significant self - governing powers).
9. A royal colony was distinguished by being under the direct control of the British crown, with the governor appointed by the king and policies set by the crown.
10. English colonists primarily brought political ideals such as limited government, the rule of law, and representative government to North America.
11. The Magna Carta introduced the concept of the rule of law and the idea that the king's power was not absolute in governance.
12. The Petition of Right in 1628 limited the monarchy's power by, among other things, restricting forced loans and the quartering of troops in private homes.
13. The primary motivation behind the first attempts at colonial unity was for defense against Native Americans, other European powers, and for economic cooperation.
14. The New England Confederation ultimately failed due to internal disputes over territory, military contributions, and differences in religious and political views among the member colonies.

Answer:

1. The principle that the king was subject to the law.
2. It evolved from an advisory council to a more representative body with more power over time.
3. House of Commons and House of Lords.
4. Parliamentary supremacy over the monarchy and certain rights.
5. A written instrument granting rights and privileges to colonizers.
6. Usually selected by the king or proprietor.
7. Included wealthy and influential figures.
8. Royal colonies and proprietary colonies.
9. Direct control by the British crown.
10. Limited government, rule of law, and representative government.
11. The rule of law and limited royal power in governance.
12. The Petition of Right.
13. Defense and economic cooperation.
14. Internal disputes over territory, contributions, and views.