Question

lesson 2 | structure, movement, and control (continued)main ideasi found this on pagei found this on pagei found this on pagei found this on pagedetailscategorize parts of the nervous systemcentral nervous system:peripheral nervous system:made ofdifferentiate voluntary and involuntary functions of the nervous system by writing examples of each.voluntaryinvoluntaryidentify the 5 ways in which humans detect their external environment.1. 2. 3.4. 5.relate examples of how the body can respond to changes in its environment.externalchange: contact with a hot surfaceresponse:change: the smell of cookiesresponse:internalchange: release of the hormone insulinresponse:change: release of parathyroid hormoneresponse:analyze it compare and contrast the nervous system with the endocrine system.

Explanation:

1. Nervous System Categorization

The central nervous system (CNS) is the core processing unit, while the peripheral nervous system (PNS) connects the CNS to the body.

2. Voluntary vs. Involuntary Functions

Voluntary actions are consciously controlled; involuntary actions happen automatically without conscious thought.

3. Human Senses

Humans detect the external environment through five primary sensory pathways.

4. Body Responses to Environmental Changes

External changes trigger physical reflexes or behavioral responses, while internal hormonal changes trigger regulatory responses to maintain balance.

5. Nervous vs. Endocrine Systems

Both regulate body functions, but use different signaling methods and act on different timelines.

Answer:

Categorize parts of the nervous system

• Central Nervous System: Brain, Spinal Cord
• Peripheral Nervous System: made of Cranial nerves, Spinal nerves, Ganglia

Differentiate voluntary and involuntary functions of the nervous system by writing examples of each

Voluntary	Involuntary
Writing	Breathing (automatic)
Talking	Pupil dilation

Identify the 5 ways in which humans detect their external environment

1. Sight (vision)
2. Sound (hearing)
3. Touch (tactile sense)
4. Smell (olfaction)
5. Taste (gustation)

Relate examples of how the body can respond to changes in its environment

	Change	Response
External	the smell of cookies	Moving toward the source, salivating
Internal	release of the hormone insulin	Cells absorb glucose, lowering blood sugar
Internal	release of parathyroid hormone	Bones release calcium, raising blood calcium levels

Analyze It: Compare and contrast the nervous system with the endocrine system

• Similarity: Both systems regulate and coordinate body functions to maintain homeostasis.
• Differences:
• The nervous system uses electrical impulses (via neurons) and acts quickly, with short-lasting effects.
• The endocrine system uses chemical signals (hormones via the bloodstream) and acts slowly, with longer-lasting effects.
• Nervous system signals target specific cells/tissues; endocrine signals can target widespread cells throughout the body.