Question

level 2: application/analysis/synthesis questions

1. the hydrogen bonds shown in this figure are each between

(a) two hydrogen atoms,
(b) two oxygen atoms,
(c) an oxygen and a hydrogen atom of the same water molecule,
(d) an oxygen and a hydrogen atom of different water molecules.

1. the tremendous variation and unique - ties of proteins are most likely a result of

(a) interactions between r groups of amino acids,
(b) hydrogen bonds linking amino acids,
(c) the utilization of hundreds of different amino acids in the primary structure of the protein,
(d) peptide bonds linking amino and carboxyl groups.
question 3 refers to the following art.

1. if the dipeptide in the figure were to be digested, how would it be reduced to amino acids?

(a) by a dehydration reaction, which removes water
(b) by reduction in digestive fluid ph in the stomach
(c) through the removal of functional groups at either end
(d) through a hydrolysis reaction in which water is added

1. a globular blood protein that transports vitamin a is 127 amino acids long. how many water molecules were produced in the synthesis of the protein, and by what chemical process were the amino acids joined together?

(a) 127; hydrolysis
(b) 127; dehydration
(c) 126; hydrolysis
(d) 126; dehydration

Explanation:

1. Hydrogen bonds in water occur between an oxygen atom of one water - molecule and a hydrogen atom of a different water - molecule.
2. The variation in proteins is mainly due to interactions between R - groups of amino acids. Different R - groups can have different chemical properties and interactions, leading to diverse protein structures and functions.
3. Dipeptides are broken down into amino acids through a hydrolysis reaction, where water is added to break the peptide bond.
4. When amino acids are joined to form a polypeptide, a dehydration reaction occurs. The number of water molecules produced is one less than the number of amino acids in the polypeptide. For a 127 - amino - acid protein, 126 water molecules are produced during dehydration synthesis.

Answer:

1. D. an oxygen and a hydrogen atom of different water molecules
2. A. interactions between R groups of amino acids
3. D. through a hydrolysis reaction in which water is added
4. D. 126; dehydration