Question

like a rechargeable battery
adp
atp
adenosine diphosphate (adp) + phosphate energy adenosine triphosphate (atp)
partially charged battery
fully charged battery

1. circle the adenosine of the adp and box the adenosine of the atp in the diagram. how do those 2 adenosines compare?
2. where did the energy come from that charged up the “battery”?
3. when does this “battery lose its charge” and for what purpose is the energy used?
4. where did the energy come from that converted adp to atp?

Explanation:

Step1: Answer to question 26

The adenosine in ADP and ATP is the same molecule. Adenosine is a nucleoside consisting of adenine and ribose sugar. In both ADP (adenosine - diphosphate) and ATP (adenosine - tri - phosphate), the adenosine part is identical. When comparing, circle the adenosine part in ADP (the part with the two - ring structure and ribose sugar before the two phosphate groups) and box the adenosine part in ATP (the same two - ring structure and ribose sugar before the three phosphate groups).

Step2: Answer to question 27

In cellular respiration, the energy that charges up the "battery" (converts ADP to ATP) comes from the breakdown of glucose and other organic molecules. During glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, energy is released from the oxidation of these molecules and used to add a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP. In photosynthesis (in plants), the energy comes from sunlight, which is used to generate ATP during the light - dependent reactions.

Step3: Answer to question 28

The "battery" (ATP) loses its charge when a phosphate group is removed, forming ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi). This process is called hydrolysis of ATP. The energy released from ATP hydrolysis is used for various cellular processes such as active transport of molecules across cell membranes, muscle contraction, and synthesis of macromolecules like proteins and nucleic acids.

Step4: Answer to question 29

In cellular respiration, the energy for converting ADP to ATP comes from the chemical energy stored in glucose and other organic compounds. As these molecules are broken down in a series of redox reactions, electrons are transferred through an electron - transport chain, and the energy released is used to pump protons across a membrane, creating an electrochemical gradient. This gradient is then used by ATP synthase to generate ATP. In photosynthesis, the energy comes from sunlight, which is absorbed by chlorophyll and other pigments. The light energy is used to generate high - energy electrons, which are then used to produce ATP.

Answer:

1. The adenosine in ADP and ATP is identical.
2. In cellular respiration, from breakdown of organic molecules; in photosynthesis, from sunlight.
3. When ATP is hydrolyzed; for cellular processes like active transport, muscle contraction, and macromolecule synthesis.
4. In cellular respiration, from chemical energy in organic compounds; in photosynthesis, from sunlight.