Question

lipid bilayer protection
the coronavirus that causes covid-19 has a protective outer surface made of a .

these lipids are -shaped molecules with:

• heads: attracted to
• tails: by water

in water-rich environments, lipids form a with heads and tails .

the reaction to water makes lipids stick loosely together, helping the virus break through membranes and hijack our cells.

soaps secret weapon
a single drop of soap contains of molecules called , which resemble biological lipids.

the destruction process

1. soap tails compete for with the virus’s lipid shell
2. they break up the of the virus’s membrane
3. the whole structure comes
4. amphiphiles form around virus particles
5. water washes the away

the earthquake effect
hand sanitizers work less like a and more like an .

Explanation:

Coronaviruses have a lipid bilayer outer membrane. Phospholipids are amphipathic with hydrophilic heads (attracted to water) and hydrophobic tails (repelled by water), forming a bilayer in water with heads outward and tails inward. Hydrophobic interactions help viruses enter host cells. Soap contains billions of surfactants that disrupt the virus membrane, forming micelles to remove virus particles. Hand sanitizers act more like chemical agents than physical scrubbers.

Answer:

lipid bilayer; amphipathic; water; repelled; bilayer; facing outward; facing inward; hydrophobic; host cell; billions; surfactants; space; structure; apart; micelles; virus particles; scrub brush; chemical attack