Question

1. list three (3) similarities and three (3) differences between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells. (give an example of each.) similarities: differences:

Explanation:

Similarities:

• Cell - membrane: Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have a cell - membrane that acts as a barrier, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell. For example, in an animal eukaryotic cell and a bacterial prokaryotic cell, the cell - membrane regulates the entry of nutrients.
• Ribosomes: They are present in both cell types for protein synthesis. For instance, in a plant eukaryotic cell and an archaeal prokaryotic cell, ribosomes are responsible for translating mRNA into proteins.
• Genetic material (DNA): Both contain DNA as their genetic material. In a yeast (eukaryotic) cell and an E. coli (prokaryotic) cell, DNA stores the genetic information necessary for the cell's functions.

Differences:

• Nucleus: Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus enclosed by a nuclear membrane. For example, in a human liver cell (eukaryotic), the nucleus contains the chromosomes. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, and their DNA is in the nucleoid region. For instance, in a Streptococcus bacterium (prokaryotic), the DNA is not enclosed in a membrane - bound structure.
• Membrane - bound organelles: Eukaryotic cells have various membrane - bound organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, etc. In a eukaryotic nerve cell, mitochondria provide energy. Prokaryotic cells lack such membrane - bound organelles. For example, a cyanobacterial prokaryotic cell does not have mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum.
• Cell size: Eukaryotic cells are generally larger. A typical animal eukaryotic cell can be 10 - 100 micrometers in diameter, while a prokaryotic cell like a bacterial cell is usually 0.1 - 5 micrometers in diameter.

Answer:

Similarities:

1. Cell - membrane: Controls substance movement (e.g., animal cell and bacterial cell).
2. Ribosomes: For protein synthesis (e.g., plant cell and archaeal cell).
3. Genetic material (DNA): Stores genetic info (e.g., yeast cell and E. coli cell).

Differences:

1. Nucleus: Eukaryotic has a true nucleus (e.g., human liver cell), prokaryotic lacks it (e.g., Streptococcus bacterium).
2. Membrane - bound organelles: Eukaryotic has them (e.g., nerve cell mitochondria), prokaryotic lacks (e.g., cyanobacterial cell).
3. Cell size: Eukaryotic is generally larger (e.g., animal eukaryotic cell vs bacterial prokaryotic cell).