Question

the membrane surrounding the cell, cell membrane; provides support for the cell, has twosubparts, cytoplasm; name for the collection of dna in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromosomes; consist of hollow tubes which provide support for the cell; small hair - like structures used for movement or sensing things, cilia; composed of a phospholipid bilayer, cell membrane; longer whip - like structures used for movement, flagella; review the function of each organelle before answering the questions below. you may use your notes as a resource. how does the nucleus work with ribosomes? how does the endoplasmic reticulum work with the golgi apparatus? how does the nucleus work with lysosomes (which are filled with enzymes; enzymes are made of protein)? what might happen to a cell if its mitochondria were removed? “it would die” is not an acceptable answer. explain! what might happen to a cell if it had no plasma membrane (cell membrane)? “it would die” is not an acceptable answer. explain! how are microtubules and microfilaments different? what might happen to a cell if it had no lysosomes? “it would die” is not an acceptable answer. explain! is a given organelle more important than another? or are they all equally important? explain.

Explanation:

1. The nucleus contains DNA which has the genetic - code for making proteins. Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis. The nucleus sends out messenger RNA (mRNA) which carries the genetic information to the ribosomes, and the ribosomes use this information to assemble amino - acids into proteins.
2. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) synthesizes and transports proteins and lipids. The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages these molecules received from the ER for secretion out of the cell or for use within the cell.
3. The nucleus contains the DNA that codes for the enzymes found in lysosomes. The genetic information in the nucleus is used to synthesize these enzymes in the ribosomes, which are then transported to the lysosomes. Lysosomes use these enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular debris.
4. Mitochondria are the power - houses of the cell, producing ATP through cellular respiration. Without mitochondria, the cell would lack a major source of energy, and processes that require energy (such as active transport, protein synthesis, and cell division) would be severely impaired.
5. The plasma membrane is a selectively permeable barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. Without it, there would be no regulation of nutrient uptake, waste removal, or ion balance, and the cell's internal environment would be disrupted.
6. Microtubules are hollow, larger structures made of tubulin proteins and are involved in cell - division (spindle - fiber formation), cell - shape maintenance, and organelle transport. Microfilaments are thinner, made of actin proteins, and are involved in muscle contraction (in muscle cells), cell movement, and cytoplasmic streaming.
7. Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign substances. Without lysosomes, waste would accumulate in the cell, potentially leading to cell damage and malfunction.
8. All organelles are important, but their importance can vary depending on the cell's function. For example, muscle cells need a lot of energy, so mitochondria are crucial for them. Nerve cells need to transport neurotransmitters, so the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus are important for synthesizing and packaging these molecules. However, in a general sense, they all work together in a coordinated manner, and the loss of one can have a cascading effect on the cell's function.

Answer:

1. The nucleus sends mRNA to ribosomes for protein synthesis.
2. The ER synthesizes molecules and the Golgi modifies and packages them.
3. The nucleus codes for lysosomal enzymes.
4. The cell would lack a major energy source, impairing energy - requiring processes.
5. There would be no regulation of substance movement, disrupting the internal environment.
6. Microtubules are larger, involved in cell - division and transport; microfilaments are thinner, involved in movement and streaming.
7. Waste would accumulate, potentially causing cell damage.
8. Their importance depends on cell function, but they all work together and loss of one can affect the cell.