Question

1 multiple answer 10 points
the theory of biological evolution makes two claims. what are they?

• all living things evolved from a common ancestor
• evolution is influenced by man
• individuals can evolve
• evolution of living things is powered by natural processes

2 multiple choice 10 points
what is comparative anatomy?

• the study of fossils
• the study of heredity
• the study of differences and similarities between living things
• the study of genetic material

Explanation:

Question 1 (Multiple Answer)

To solve this, we recall the key claims of biological evolution. The theory of biological evolution has two main claims: 1) All living organisms share a common ancestor (so "all living things evolved from a common ancestor" is correct). 2) The evolutionary process is driven by natural processes like natural selection, genetic drift, etc. (so "evolution of living things is powered by natural processes" is correct). "Evolution is influenced by man" is incorrect as evolution is a natural process (though humans can influence some species' evolution in specific cases, it's not a core claim of the general theory of biological evolution). "Individuals can evolve" is incorrect because evolution occurs at the population level over generations, not in individuals.

Comparative anatomy is the study of the similarities and differences in the anatomy (body structures) of different living organisms. Let's analyze the options: "the study of fossils" is paleontology. "The study of heredity" is genetics. "The study of genetic material" is molecular biology or a part of genetics. So the correct option is the one about studying differences and similarities between living things.

Answer:

A. all living things evolved from a common ancestor, D. evolution of living things is powered by natural processes

Question 2 (Multiple Choice)