Question

multiple choice
identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

c 1. identify the correct sequence of molecules, as a gene goes from coded information in the nucleus, to the
product the cell wants to make.
a. dna -> messenger rna -> transfer rna -> protein
b. dna -> transfer rna -> messenger rna -> protein
c. dna -> transfer rna -> protein -> messenger rna
d. protein -> messenger rna -> transfer rna -> dna

a 2. which of the following would be least likely to happen as a result of a mutation in a person’s skin cells?
a. skin cancer
b. reduced functioning of the skin cell
c. no change in functioning of the skin cell
d. the person’s offspring have mutated skin

c 3. which series is arranged in order from largest to smallest in size?
a. chromosome, nucleus, cell, dna, nucleotide
b. cell, nucleus, chromosome, dna, nucleotide
c. nucleotide, chromosome, cell, dna, nucleus
d. cell, nucleotide, nucleus, dna, chromosome

1. the table shows the results of measuring the percentages of the four bases in the dna of several different

organisms. some of the values are missing from the table.

nitrogenous bases (%)
a g t c
human 19.9 29.4
chicken 28.8 21.5
bacterium (s. lutea) 13.4

based on chargaff’s rule, the percentages of guanine bases in chicken dna should be around
a. 28.8%
b. 19.9%
c. 21.5%
d. 13.4%

1. a cellular process uses a strand of genetic material to produce a new strand. parts of the strand are shown

below.
original strand att cag
new strand uaa guc
the process being modeled here is best described in which of the choices below?
a. dna synthesis that will be used for protein synthesis
b. transcription that will be used for protein synthesis
c. translation that will be used for protein synthesis
d. replication that will be used for protein synthesis

1. which of the following carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis?

a. trna
b. rrna
c. mrna
d. nrna

Explanation:

Question 1

The central dogma of molecular biology states that genetic information flows from DNA to mRNA (transcription) and then from mRNA to protein (translation), with tRNA involved in bringing amino acids during translation. The correct sequence is DNA -> messenger RNA -> transfer RNA -> protein.

Mutations in skin cells (somatic cells) affect the individual but are not passed on to offspring. Offspring inherit genetic material from germ cells (sperm/egg). Skin cancer, reduced function, or no change can occur in skin cells, but offspring won't get mutated skin from a skin cell mutation.

The size hierarchy from largest to smallest: cell (contains nucleus), nucleus (contains chromosomes), chromosome (made of DNA), DNA (made of nucleotides), nucleotide (building block of DNA). So cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA, nucleotide.

Answer:

a. DNA -> messenger RNA -> transfer RNA -> protein

Question 2