Question

multiple choice question
small membrane - bound particles that form when a portion of a cell envelope buds out and pinches off are termed ______.

• protoplasts
• spheroplasts
• mycoplasmas
• extracellular vesicles

Explanation:

1. Protoplasts: Are cells without a cell wall, usually created by removing the wall, not formed by budding off the cell envelope.
2. Spheroplasts: Are partially wall - deficient cells, often from Gram - negative bacteria after partial wall removal, not formed by budding of the cell envelope.
3. Mycoplasmas: Are a type of bacteria that naturally lack a cell wall, not formed by budding from a cell envelope.
4. Extracellular vesicles: Are small membrane - bound particles that form when a portion of a cell envelope buds out and pinches off, which matches the description in the question.

Answer:

D. extracellular vesicles