Question

multiple select question
select all that apply
which of following are ways a mother can infect her offspring with hiv/aids?
□ during delivery
□ through the placenta during pregnancy
□ at fertilization
□ through breastfeeding

Explanation:

HIV transmission from mother to child (vertical transmission) occurs through established routes: contact with infected bodily fluids during birth, transfer across the placenta during pregnancy, and exposure via infected breast milk. Fertilization does not involve a route for maternal HIV to infect the offspring.

Answer:

☑ during delivery
☑ through the placenta during pregnancy
☑ through breastfeeding