Question

name:
porifera cloze reading #1: basics & functions
phylum __________ includes sponges. the name porifera was derived from root words that mean ________, because sponges are covered in pores called ________. a cluster of sponges living together is referred to as a ________. the body of each sponge cannot be divided into two equal sides; therefore, these animals exhibit ________. like all animals, sponges develop from a gastrula; however, the gastrula that forms a sponge has two cell layers (an ectoderm and endoderm) classifying sponges as ________. unlike other animals, sponges lack a mouth or an anus; therefore, they are neither ________ nor ________. sponges are made of cells, but they lack organization of those cells into ________ or __________.
the next time you see a sea sponge, recognize that you are looking at one of earth’s first animals. we have found __________ of sponges from over 500 million years ago! these animals have evolved to survive in both ________ and in ________. to protect and defend themselves, they often produce ________, which humans have learned to use in certain __________.
while sponges lack many characteristics of animals, they do have the ability to feed, obtain oxygen, get rid of waste, and reproduce sexually. sponges pump large amounts of water through their body, capturing the food with their __________. this straining of food particles from water classifies them as ________. sponges lack a formal respiratory system, but they can exchange gases with the water around them through ________. if there is a ________ concentration of oxygen in the water and a ________ concentration of oxygen in a sponge, the oxygen will pass into the body of a sponge. to excrete, sponges send waste products out through their __________.
word bank #1
□asymmetry □fossils □ostia
□choanocytes □freshwater □pore - bearing
□colony □high □porifera
□deuterostomes □low □protostomes
□diffusion □medicines □saltwater
□diploblasts □organs □tissues
□filter - feeders □osculum □toxins

Explanation:

The phylum Porifera contains sponges. Their name means pore - bearing due to the pores (ostia). A group of sponges is a colony. Sponges are asymmetrical and diploblasts. They are neither protostomes nor deuterostomes. They lack organs and tissues. Fossils show their long - existence. They live in freshwater and saltwater. They produce toxins used in medicines. They use choanocytes to filter - feed. Gas exchange is by diffusion when there is a high oxygen concentration in water and low in the sponge. Waste is excreted through the osculum.

Answer:

Phylum: Porifera
Meaning: Pore - bearing
Pores: Ostia
Cluster: Colony
Body shape: Asymmetry
Cell layers: Diploblasts
Not: Protostomes, Deuterostomes
Lack: Organs, Tissues
Found: Fossils
Habitats: Freshwater, Saltwater
Produce: Toxins
Used in: Medicines
Capture food with: Choanocytes
Feeding type: Filter - feeders
Gas exchange: Diffusion
Oxygen concentration in water: High
Oxygen concentration in sponge: Low
Excrete through: Osculum