Question

name thursday, september 11 edhelper.com date caesar and pompey, the one - time allies and relation by marriage, were now enemies. their fall - out ignited a new civil war that the roman republic could certainly have done better without. at the onset, pompey boasted about his splendid military achievements and claimed that caesar was no threat. but he soon realized that he was wrong. in january 49 b.c., caesar - now a declared public enemy, thanks to his former son - in - law - led his soldiers cross the rubicon river and marched straight into rome. hastily, pompey rounded up the politicians who had rallied behind him and fled from the capital, heading south toward the coastal town of brundisium (modern - day brindisi). from there, he was forced to re - examine the options he had at his disposal. none looked promising. in hot pursuit, caesar swooped down to brundisium, hoping to capture pompey and end the civil war then and there. to his disappointment, however, he failed to achieve either. for the next few months, caesar and pompey had several clashes. while caesar was more often than not the one with the upper hand, he came quite close to losing his own life in the battle of dyrrhachium. in this show - down that took place on july 10, 48 b.c., caesar tried to surround pompey in dyrrhachium, but his troops were outnumbered and simply could not fend off pompeys advances. sensing defeat, caesars soldiers broke out of formation and started to rout. rather than rushing forward to finish off the battle, pompey ordered a halt. he feared that this was a trap. but, as it turned out, he was wrong. thanks to pompeys misjudgment, caesar managed to escape to safety, suffering a humiliating loss of 1,000 men. the victory, however trivial, was enough to boost the morale in pompeys camp. though the event certainly depressed caesars spirit, it convinced him that pompey was not the great general that everyone thought him to be. he was quoted as saying, \today the victory had been the enemys had there been any one among them to gain it.\ on august 9, 48 b.c., the two forces met again. in the decisive battle of pharsalus, pompey was unable to sustain his previous win. he had to be on the run again. this time, he opted for egypt. his arrival, however, made the egyptian court very uncomfortable. not wishing to anger caesar who was the obvious winner of this civil war, pharaoh ptolemy xiii had pompey assassinated. worse still, he had the roman generals head cut off and given to caesar as a \gift\ when the man reached egypt. it was said that caesar broke down and wept at the sight of this unusual \gift.\ pompey died in september 48 b.c. he was only 58 years old. pompey the great questions 1. which of the following about pompey is correct? a. he was elected consul before julius caesar was. b. when he went to hispania to fight quintus sertorius, he was a consul. c. he died in the battle of pharsalus. d. he crucified 6,000 of spartacus soldiers along the appian way. 2. who gave pompey the honorific title magnus? a. cinna b. gaius marius c. sulla d. crassus 3. who was not a member of the first triumvirate? a. cicero b. caesar c. crassus d. pompey

Explanation:

1. Analyzing option A: There is no information in the passage about who was elected consul first between Pompey and Caesar. Option B: The passage doesn't mention Pompey's status as consul when fighting Quintus Sertorius in Hispania. Option C: The passage states Pompey fled to Egypt after the battle of Pharsalus and was assassinated there, not that he died in the battle. Option D: Pompey was not involved in crucifying Spartacus' soldiers; it was Crassus. So, none of the options are correct based on the given passage.
2. Sulla gave Pompey the honorific title Magnus. This is a well - known historical fact not directly mentioned in the provided passage but in general Roman history knowledge.
3. The First Triumvirate consisted of Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey. Cicero was not a member.

Answer:

1. None of the above
2. C. Sulla
3. A. Cicero