Question

one way in which elements differ from each other is the structure of the electron cloud in each elements atoms. in an electron cloud, an electron that is farther away from the nucleus has
a greater charge than an electron near the nucleus.
a smaller charge than an electron near the nucleus
a higher energy than an electron near the nucleus.
a lower energy than an electron near the nucleus.

Explanation:

All electrons have an identical negative charge, so the first two options are incorrect. Electrons farther from the nucleus experience weaker attractive force from the nucleus, and require more energy to be in that distant orbital (they have higher potential energy relative to inner electrons).

Answer:

a higher energy than an electron near the nucleus.