Question

perhatikan pernyataan berikut!
(1) teori-teori yang dibangun bersifat menyempurnakan teori sebelumnya
(2) dalam mengkaji gejala sosial, berdasarkan pengamatan secara empiris dan objektif
(3) tidak melihat baik buruknya gejala sosial melainkan mengungkap fakta apa adanya
(4) memfokuskan diri pada kajian gejala hubungan manusia dengan alam.
(5) setiap gejala sosial diteliti secara subjektif
pernyataan yang merupakan ciri-ciri sosiologi ditunjukkan oleh nomor —
(1), (2), dan (4)
(3), (4), dan (5)
(1), (3), dan (5)
(1), (2), dan (3)
(2), (4), dan (5)

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each statement against sociological characteristics:

1. Statement (1): Sociological theories often build on previous theories (e.g., functionalism, conflict theory building on earlier ideas). This is a sociological trait.
2. Statement (2): Sociology studies social phenomena empirically (via observation) and objectively (systematic analysis). This fits.
3. Statement (3): Sociology aims to reveal facts about social phenomena (e.g., researching to uncover truths about inequality). This is a core goal.
4. Statement (4): Sociology focuses on social phenomena, not self - centered study of human - nature relations (that’s more philosophy/anthropology). So this is not a sociological trait.
5. Statement (5): Sociology studies social phenomena subjectively? No—sociology uses objective methods (surveys, experiments) and aims for empirical validity. Subjectivity is not a defining trait.

So the valid statements are (1), (2), and (3).

Answer:

(1), (2), dan (3) (the option with (1), (2), and (3))