Question

1. a person sitting on a chair:

a. is the persons motion changing? how do you know from the given information? 2
b. what forces are acting on the person? how do you know from the given information? 2
c. are these forces balanced? why? 2
d. draw the free body diagram of all forces acting on this person: 2
e. what is the net force on the person? 1
f. is the person accelerating? 1

1. a meteor moving through outer space at 125,000 m/s:

a. is the objects motion changing or remaining unchanged? how do you know from the given information? 2
b. what forces are acting on the object? how do you know from the given information? 2
c. are these forces balanced? why? 2
d. draw and label the free body diagram: 2
e. what is the net force on the object? 1
f. is the object accelerating? 1

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze person on chair motion

The person is sitting still. Since no information about movement change is given and the person is at rest initially, motion is not changing.

Step2: Identify forces on person

Gravitational force (weight) acts downwards due to Earth's pull. Normal force from the chair acts upwards to support the person. We know this from Newton's laws for objects at rest on a surface.

Step3: Determine force balance

The forces are balanced. The normal force equals the gravitational force because the person is not accelerating vertically (Newton's first - law for equilibrium).

Step4: Draw free - body diagram

Draw a dot to represent the person. Draw a downward arrow labeled "Weight (mg)" and an upward arrow of equal length labeled "Normal force (N)".

Step5: Calculate net force

Since the forces are balanced, the net force $F_{net}=0$.

Step6: Determine acceleration

According to Newton's second law $F = ma$, with $F_{net}=0$, the acceleration $a = 0$.

Step7: Analyze meteor motion

The speed is constant at 125,000 m/s and no information about direction change is given, so the motion is remaining unchanged.

Step8: Identify forces on meteor

In outer - space, assuming no nearby massive objects, the net force on the meteor is close to zero. There are no significant contact or non - contact forces acting on it as there is no air resistance and negligible gravitational influence from distant objects.

Step9: Determine force balance

The forces are balanced (net force is close to zero). This is because the motion is constant and there are no external forces acting on it.

Step10: Draw free - body diagram

Draw a dot to represent the meteor. Since the net force is close to zero, there are no arrows (or we can draw two very small arrows in opposite directions to represent zero net force conceptually).

Step11: Calculate net force

The net force $F_{net}=0$.

Step12: Determine acceleration

Using $F = ma$, with $F_{net}=0$, the acceleration $a = 0$.

Answer:

5.
a. No, the person is at rest and no information suggests motion change.
b. Gravitational force (weight) downwards and normal force upwards from the chair. Based on Newton's laws for objects at rest on a surface.
c. Yes, normal force equals gravitational force as the person is not accelerating vertically.
d. A dot representing the person with a downward arrow labeled "Weight (mg)" and an upward arrow of equal length labeled "Normal force (N)".
e. 0
f. No
6.
a. Remaining unchanged. The speed is constant and no direction change information is given.
b. Close to zero net force as in outer - space with no nearby massive objects and no air resistance.
c. Yes, because the motion is constant and no external forces are acting.
d. A dot representing the meteor with no (or conceptually two very small opposite) arrows.
e. 0
f. No