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Question
point mutation: 1 or more bases removed or inserted into dna, cystic fibrosis; frameshift mutation: blank; chromosomal mutation: blank
Brief Explanations
First, correct the misassignment and define each mutation type with a matching example:
- Point Mutation: A change in a single DNA nucleotide (substitution, not insertion/deletion). Sickle cell anemia is caused by a single base swap in the hemoglobin gene.
- Frameshift Mutation: Insertion or deletion of 1+ DNA bases, shifting the reading frame. Cystic fibrosis (in most cases) is caused by a 3-base deletion, which fits this category.
- Chromosomal Mutation: Alteration of entire chromosome structure/number. Down syndrome (trisomy 21) is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
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| Mutation Type | Definition | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Frameshift Mutation | 1+ bases inserted/removed, shifts reading frame | Cystic Fibrosis |
| Chromosomal Mutation | Alteration of chromosome structure/number | Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21) |