Question

question 4
what was frederick jackson turners \frontier thesis?\
an argument that european socialism had created an opportunity for the united states to create an international empire
american culture was forged by the struggle between civilized settlers and savage frontier life, giving it a democratic and hardworking spirit
the belief that manifest destiny was an immoral reading of scripture
all of the above
question 5
how was the transcontinental railroad funded?
wealthy private business owners
public stock offerings
grants and loans from the federal government
bonds sold to foreign investors

Explanation:

Frederick Jackson Turner's "Frontier Thesis" argued American culture was shaped by the clash between settlers and frontier life. The trans - continental railroad was funded by federal government grants and loans.

Answer:

Question 4: American culture was forged by the struggle between civilized settlers and savage frontier life, giving it a democratic and hardworking spirit
Question 5: Grants and loans from the federal government